The American Clean Power Association recently released its Clean Power Market Report Q1 2022, which showed that wind, utility-scale solar, and battery storage sectors installed 6,619 MW of utility-scale clean power capacity — enough to power 1.4 million American homes.
The record capacity is largely due to gains in battery storage installation, with storage installations up 173 percent, solar installations up 11 percent, and wind installations down 3 percent, as compared to the first quarter of 2021.
While these gains contributed to a record first quarter for clean-power installations, the rate of growth slowed to 11 percent in the first quarter of 2022, compared to the 50 percent year-over-year growth rate reported between 2019 and 2021.
“The record-breaking quarter for clean power is encouraging, but the industry still faces many hurdles that are stalling growth,” said ACP CEO Heather Zichal. “Ongoing uncertainty from the Department of Commerce’s unwarranted solar tariff case, the unsettled fate of clean-energy tax credits, supply chain issues, and inflation are all making investment and planning decisions a difficult challenge. The industry needs resolution and policy clarity if we are to meet the Biden administration’s clean-power goals of reaching a net zero grid by 2035.”
Cumulatively, operating clean-power capacity in the country is now nearly 208 GW — enough to power 57 million homes in America. The 90 new projects added to the grid represent $9.3 billion in capital investments.
Storage responsible for record quarter
Growth in battery storage helped to propel the first quarter to record territory. Storage capacity additions grew 173 percent compared to the first quarter of 2021, while solar experienced more modest growth of 11 percent and wind declined 3 percent. The Q1 report shows 56 new utility-scale solar projects came online in 2021, for a total of 2,997 MW; 10 new wind projects came online, totaling 2,865 MW. Finally, the industry installed 24 new battery storage projects with a total capacity of 758 MW/2,537 MWh.
Solar project pipeline impacts from Department of Commerce inquiry
While solar installations slowed in the first quarter of 2021 due to pandemic-related challenges in the supply chain, inflation, trade risks, and lack of regulatory certainty, the industry is facing another significant obstacle as it looks beyond Q1 with the Department of Commerce’s inquiry into solar manufacturing in Southeast Asia.
This report provides an update on the Department of Commerce’s decision to initiate a review of a petition to apply anti-dumping and countervailing duties against solar module manufacturers in Southeast Asia. ACP finds the inquiry has had a chilling effect on the U.S. solar industry — both immediately and over the next two years. Prior to Commerce’s decision to initiate this inquiry, market researchers anticipated 17 GWdc of utility-scale solar capacity to be added to the grid in 2022 and nearly 20 GWdc in 2023. ACP’s market impact survey indicates at least 65 percent of the projected crystalline silicon (c-si) market across 2022-2023 is already at risk of cancellation or delay. The most common reason for delay or cancellation is lack of module availability.
Clean power pipeline slowing
While the industry currently sits on a record volume of clean-power capacity in the pipeline, the rate of growth of that pipeline is also slowing. The pipeline grew by just 4 percent during the first quarter — much lower than the 12 percent quarterly expansion experienced throughout 2021. There are almost 1,100 projects in the pipeline with a total operating capacity of 125,476 MW. This includes 40,522 MW of projects under construction and 84,953 MW in advanced development.
In total, 14.8 GW of capacity has been delayed as of the end of the quarter. At the end of 2021, 11.7 GW of clean-power projects experienced delays. Of that, 3,440 MW have since come online. However, an additional 6,576 MW of clean-power projects experienced delays during the first quarter, bringing the total delayed capacity to 14.8 GW. Based on ACP’s analysis, on average these projects have been delayed by seven months.
Solar projects are the most prone to delays, with 8.6 GW of solar projects currently delayed. Solar accounts for 58 percent of all projects delayed and 60 percent of projects delayed that were expected online this quarter. These project delays occurred before the Department of Commerce initiated their review at the end of Q1, and the inquiry is expected to affect solar deployment through 2023. Wind makes up 31 percent of total delays in the first quarter of 2022, and battery storage makes up 11 percent of delays.
Despite regulatory headwinds, solar continues to be the leading technology in the pipeline, accounting for 56 percent of all clean-power capacity in development. Land-based wind accounts for 19 percent of the pipeline; offshore wind represents 14 percent, and storage claims the remaining 12 percent.
- Texas represents nearly a fifth of the total pipeline (21,974 MW).
- California (14,114 MW).
- New York (8,750 MW).
- Virginia (6,439 MW).
The largest projects to come online in the first quarter include:
- Traverse Wind Energy Center in Oklahoma owned by AEP and developed by Invenergy (998 MW).
- Slate Solar + Storage in Kings County, California, was the largest hybrid project (300 MW of solar capacity and 140 MW/561 MWh of battery storage capacity).
- Valley Center Battery Storage Project, owned and developed by Terra-Gen, in California (140 MW battery system with 560 MWh of energy storage capacity).
Clean power procurement activity slows, while utilities increase
Power purchase agreement (PPAs) announcements saw a significant decline, down 10 percent from last quarter and 15 percent from the first quarter of 2021. For the quarter, companies announced 6,339 MW of new power purchase agreements (PPAs). Corporate buyers were among those more hesitant to sign on to new clean-power PPAs. Commercial & Industrial (C&I) offtakers announced 3,309 MW of new PPAs this quarter, a notable 46 percent decline from the first quarter of last year. According to LevelTen, PPA prices rose across all regions and technologies this quarter due to supply chain disruptions and increasing prices of commodities and labor.
Top corporate purchasers in first quarter:
- Verizon (859 MW of new PPAs).
- The Markley Group (400 MW).
- QTS Reality Trust (350 MW).
Utilities, on the other hand, increased PPA announcements by 53 percent compared to the first quarter of last year, with 2,513 MW announced. In total, 15 utilities announced PPAs this quarter.
- Salt River Project (581 MW).
- Great River Energy (400 MW).
- Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMDU) (350 MW).
Offshore targets grow and historic New York lease sale
The first quarter saw significant activity in the offshore development sector. Louisiana announced an offshore wind goal of 5 GW installed by 2035 as part of the state’s first ever Climate Action Plan. To date, nine states have set offshore wind procurement targets totaling nearly 45 GW.
In February, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management held a lease sale for six commercial lease areas in the New York Bight with the potential to generate up to 7 GW of clean energy. The auction lasted three days and brought in $4.37 billion in federal revenue.
New York State broke ground on the 130-MW South Fork Wind Project as Ørsted and Eversource’s joint venture announced the approval of the final investment decision for the project, which is expected to be operational by the end of 2023.
At the end of March, the House of Representatives passed H.R. 6865, the Coast Guard Authorization Act. Among many provisions, this bill would impose citizenship-based restrictions for crews on foreign-flagged vessels operating in the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf. ACP is actively engaging with the Senate and White House to prevent this policy from becoming law as it would seriously impede offshore wind deployment and progress toward the U.S. goal of deploying 30 GW of offshore wind by 2030.
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